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Indian Journal Of Clinical Dermatology

CASE REPORTS

Year: 2018 I Volume: 1 I Issue: 3 I Page: 91-93

Chondroid Syringoma – A Rare Mixed Appendageal Tumour At Multiple Sites

Haritha Komeravelli1, Parthasaradhi Anchala1

1 Consultant Dermatologist.

Corresponding Author:
Dr. Haritha K
Anchala ‘S Skin Institute & Research Centre, Road No B20, Journalist Colony, Jubilee Hills,, Hyderabad 500033, Telangana, India
Email: haritha_komeravelli@yahoo.com

Abstract:

Chondroid syringomas are rare, generally benign, mixed tumors of the skin, composed of sweat gland elements. The tumor usually presents as benign asymptomatic, slowly-growing, subcutaneous or intradermal, single nodule occurring commonly over head and neck [3],[4]. We report a case of multiple, benign eccrine variant of Chondroid Syringoma, occurring on the scalp in 72yr old man, for its rarity and unique mode of presentation.

Key words: Chondroid syringoma, multiple, eccrine

How to cite this article:
Komeravelli H, Anchala P. Chondroid Syringoma – Arare mixed appendageal tumour at multiple sites. JDA Indian Journal of Clinical Dermatology 2018;1:91-93

Introduction:

Chondroid syringomas are rare, generally benign, mixed tumors of the skin which were first described by Billroth (1859), that have both a benign and malignant form with an incidence of 0.01%–0.098% and of unknown etiopathogenesis. Hirsch and Helwig (1961) gave them the appellation chondroid syringoma, because of the presence of sweat gland elements which are set in a cartilaginous stroma.1,2 Morphologically it is considered to be the cutaneous counterpart of the pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands, but differs from it in that it rarely recurs.3 Chondroid syringoma is often overlooked because of its rarity and the unremarkable clinical presentation. Hence, the tumour is typically diagnosed retrospectively from histopathological examination, and further classified as – apocrine and eccrine variants, apocrine being more common 3,4 .

Case Report:

A 72 yr old man presented with multiple, asymptomatic, painless, hard raised skin lesions on scalp of 30 years duration (fig 1-3). Lesions started as a few, small pea sized ones which progressively increased to the present size and were seen over scalp and forehead. There was no h/o any other skin or systemic

Figure 1-3: Polysized, round to oval shaped, Papules and nodules

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Figure 4, 5: Revealing tubule-cystic spaces in dermis (H&E;10x,40x)

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Discussion:

Hirsch & Helwig1 proposed 5 criteria for diagnosis of chondroid syringoma: 1]Nests of polygonal/cuboidal cells . 2] Intercommunicating tubuloalveolar structures lined with 2 or more cuboidal cells. 3] Ductal structures composed of 1/2 rows of cuboidal cells. 4] Occasional keratinous cysts. 5] Matrix of of mixed chondroid and myxoid composition. In the present case it almost fulfilled the criteria.

Headington3,4 divided CS into apocrine and eccrine variants based on luminal morphology.
1) The apocrine type: Is the most common type and demonstrates irregular branching tubules (tubulocystic pattern) lined by at least 2-cell-thick epithelium.
2) The eccrine type: characterized by rather uniform, all, round tubules that are evenly spaced within a myxoid-chondroid matrix. The present case was of eccrine type according to the Headington’s criteria.

With constellation of clinical, histopathological and immunhistochemistry findings, following diagnosis was concluded: “Benign Multiple Chondroid Syringomas on scalp with Ecrrine differentiaton”. Because of malignant potential , the usual first-line treatment is total excision of tumor without destroying aesthetic and functional structure and regular follow up.2

We are presenting this rarest case of benign chondroid syringoma, with multiple nodules without any atypia over long duration. Our case is of interest because histopathologically both the luminal variants and the tadpole (comma shaped) appearance of tubules are classically seen in eccrine variant of Chondroid Syringoma, which itself is a rare entity.

Though 400 cases of chondroid syringoma are reported worldwide there are very few cases of eccrine variant; still

Figure 6-8: Tadpole like acrosyringium- [eccrine variant (red)] and trabecular pattern (blue) (H&E;100x)

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Figure 9: Epithelial cells (black) and myoepithelial clear cells (red), against chondrmyxoid matrix (yellow) (H&E, 100x)

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Figure 10: Highlighting chondromyxoid matrix (ALCIAN PAS;100X)

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further, eccrine variant presenting with multiple lesions are sparse.5,6,7

When an elderly male patient presents with multiple asymptomatic lesions over scalp, neck or forehead, chondroid

Figure 11: Highlighting the epithelial component (IHC with CYTOKERATIN;100X)

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Figure 12: Highlighting the myoepithelial component (IHC with SMA;100X)

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syringoma has to be considered as one of the diagnosis. Histopathology helps in confirmation and treatment of the disease.

References:

1. Hirsch P, Helwig EB. Chondroid syringoma. Mixed tumor of skin, salivary gland type. Arch Dermatol 1961 Nov; 84:835-47

2. Yavuzer R, Basterzi Y, Sari A, Bir F, Sezer C. Chondroid syringoma: A diagnosis more frequent than expected. Dermatol Surg. 2003;29:179–81.

3. Satter EK, Graham BS. Chondroid syringoma. Cutis. 2003;71:49–55.

4. Salama ME, Azam M, Ma CK, Ormsby A, Zarbo RJ, Amin MB, et al. Chondroid syringoma Cytokeratin 20 immunolocalization of Merkel cells and reappraisal of folliculo-sebaceous differentiation. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004;128:986-90

5. Lakshmi T, Gnaneshwar AR. Multiple chondroid syringoma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1998;64:83–4.

6. Radhi JM. Chondroid syringoma with small tubular lumina. J Cutan Med Surg. 2004 Jan-Feb;8(1):23-4. Epub 2004 Jan 23

7. Choudhury M, Agarwal C, Agarwal M, Pathania OP, Goel N. Clinicopathological profile of an unusual case of chondroid syringoma: a case report. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007 Apr;50(2):349-51.

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